2015年7月21日

狹口谷地(Hope is the thing with feathers) Emily Dickinson

艾蜜莉在她人生中尋求「希望」的疪護時,「希望」從來沒有向她要求過任何東西,但「希望」也沒有關心過她。希望(hope)有個少見的解釋為開口狹窄的谷地或小海灣,出現於十四世紀,輕字典可能沒有收錄。風經過狹小入口時會發出聲音,溫暖谷地保護裡面的鳥群,山谷從不要求飛鳥回報。
“Hope” is the thing with feathers-
「狹口谷地」裡有鳥群
That perches in the soul-
棲息在它的中心
And sings the tune without the words
谷地呼號著無詞之曲
And never stops-at all-
從來不停息


And sweetest-in the Gale-is heard
強風裡聽來更為美妙
And sore must be the storm-
必須風暴猛烈
That could abash the little Bird
才能窘迫這祕密之源
That kept so many warm-
它留下許多溫暖


I’ve heard it in the chillest land-
我聽到它,在最寒冷的土地
And on the strangest Sea-
在最陌生的大海
Yet-never-in Extremity,
但從未在極端困境時
It asked a crumb-of me.
它對我有點滴要求
1862, F.0314, J.0254
小鳥(little bird)有祕密來源的俚語用法,人們敘述一個敏感內容但不願透露來源時,會推說是小鳥告訴他們的。靈魂(soul)有物體中心的解釋。寒冷地方的狹口谷地接納尋求溫暖的動物,沒有點滴要求,大自然無條件地接受尋求疪護者。這首詩利用「希望」與狹口谷地的雙關建立謎語。
艾蜜莉三十二歲時寫下這首詩,當時她隱居兩年左右。艾蜜莉一直將希望放在心裡,但棲息在心中的希望有翅膀,隨時會飛走。冷漠與絕望中,艾蜜莉經常聽到希望這個字,但它從未給艾蜜莉任何回應。
「希望」hope是個會飛的feather東西thing
棲息perch在靈魂soul
高吟sing沒有without誓言word的語調tune
從不never絲毫at all停息stop
強風困境gale裡聽來hear更為甜美sweet
必須是must猛烈sore風暴storm
才能could窘迫abash這祕密之源little bird
留下keep許多so many溫暖言詞warm
I曾聽到hear希望,在最冷漠chill的地方land
在最陌生strange的人海sea
but從未never在我絕望extremity
它問候ask過我me點滴crumb
字詞(word)有誓言的解釋,無詞之曲是沒有保證的言詞。人們可以永遠保持希望,但有翅的希望不保證任何事情。希望留下許多溫暖誓言,但真正猛烈風暴的窘迫時刻卻不出現。


【歷史紀錄】
HOPE, in local names in England, is said to signify a sloping hollow between two hills, and is derived by some from the Celt.; but it is more probably a corruption of haw, haugh, hawgh, hough, from the A. S. haga, a small quantity of enclosed land, a dwelling-house. Halliwell gives "Hope, a valley, also a hill." —— Local Etymology: A Derivative Dictionary of Geographical Names (1859)

"Hope" is the thing with
feathers –
That perches in the soul –
And sings the tune without
the words
And never stops – at all –

And sweetest – in the Gale –
is heard
And sore must be the storm –
That could abash the
little Bird
That kept so many warm –

I've heard it in the chillest
land –
And on the strangest Sea –
Yet – never – in Extremity,
It asked a crumb – of me.